韌(ren)性(xing)安(an)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)是指城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)夠有效防范和抵御各種重(zhong)大沖擊(ji)，從沖擊(ji)中(zhong)迅速(su)恢復“機能(neng)(neng)”、保持(chi)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)核心功能(neng)(neng)正常運行，并在應對沖擊(ji)中(zhong)通過學習創新(xin)提(ti)升城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)整體功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)范式。習近(jin)平總書記(ji)日(ri)前(qian)在上海考(kao)察時強調(diao)，“要全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)踐行人民城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)理念”“全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進(jin)韌(ren)性(xing)安(an)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設，努力走出一條中(zhong)國特(te)色超(chao)大城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)治理現(xian)代化(hua)的(de)(de)新(xin)路(lu)”。韌(ren)性(xing)安(an)全(quan)(quan)是城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)運行的(de)(de)重(zhong)要基礎，是城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)可持(chi)續發展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要內(nei)容，是推(tui)動城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)發展的(de)(de)戰略選擇(ze)。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進(jin)韌(ren)性(xing)安(an)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設，必須牢固樹立以人民為中(zhong)心的(de)(de)發展思想，更好(hao)統籌(chou)發展和安(an)全(quan)(quan)，持(chi)續提(ti)高城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)生命(ming)周期(qi)的(de)(de)風險防控能(neng)(neng)力，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)增(zeng)強城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)整體韌(ren)性(xing)，不(bu)斷提(ti)升城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)治理水平。
強化全程風險防控。風(feng)(feng)險(xian)防控(kong)是實(shi)(shi)現城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)治(zhi)理關(guan)口前移、從被(bei)動(dong)應對到(dao)主(zhu)動(dong)防御轉變的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本策略。全(quan)(quan)面推進韌(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建設，必須加強(qiang)全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程風(feng)(feng)險(xian)防控(kong)，實(shi)(shi)現對各類(lei)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智能感知(zhi)、精準研判、實(shi)(shi)時預警和有效管(guan)控(kong)，切實(shi)(shi)做到(dao)抓早、抓小、抓苗頭。更(geng)好統籌發展(zhan)與(yu)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，加強(qiang)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)源頭治(zhi)理，把(ba)(ba)韌(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)思維貫穿城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)規(gui)劃設計(ji)、建設管(guan)理、運(yun)行維護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程、各方面，嚴把(ba)(ba)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)關(guan)、質量關(guan)，全(quan)(quan)面提升城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間韌(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)、設施(shi)韌(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)、管(guan)理韌(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)，夯實(shi)(shi)韌(ren)(ren)(ren)性(xing)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)。全(quan)(quan)面把(ba)(ba)握(wo)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)類(lei)型特(te)點(dian)、時空(kong)分布、強(qiang)度(du)(du)分布和演化(hua)態勢，形(xing)成實(shi)(shi)時動(dong)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)圖景，最大限度(du)(du)摸(mo)清城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)底數，確保城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)運(yun)行始(shi)終處(chu)于安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態。結合城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)運(yun)行實(shi)(shi)際進行極(ji)限壓力測試，查找城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)治(zhi)理工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漏洞并(bing)及時予(yu)以完(wan)善，不(bu)斷(duan)提高城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)防風(feng)(feng)險(xian)、迎(ying)沖擊(ji)、抗打壓能力。
提高抗災設防標準。現代城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的運(yun)行越(yue)來越(yue)依賴于大量(liang)(liang)基礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)進韌性(xing)安(an)全(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，必須根(gen)據(ju)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)經濟社會發展水平，加(jia)大韌性(xing)安(an)全(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)投入，適度提(ti)(ti)高城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)重點基礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)設(she)(she)防(fang)標準，增強防(fang)范、抵御(yu)、應(ying)(ying)(ying)對(dui)重大風險沖擊的能(neng)力(li)。提(ti)(ti)升地(di)震災(zai)(zai)害、地(di)質(zhi)災(zai)(zai)害、氣象災(zai)(zai)害、水旱災(zai)(zai)害、海洋災(zai)(zai)害等自然災(zai)(zai)害防(fang)御(yu)工(gong)程標準，進一步提(ti)(ti)升供氣、供電(dian)、供熱(re)、給水、排水、通信、交(jiao)通等各類城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)生命線系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的韌性(xing)水平，提(ti)(ti)高極端(duan)情景下(xia)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)生命線工(gong)程平穩安(an)全(quan)運(yun)行能(neng)力(li)。做好保(bao)障城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)行重大設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)、重要功能(neng)規劃建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的分布(bu)(bu)式布(bu)(bu)局(ju)，配全(quan)、配好備用(yong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)并建(jian)(jian)(jian)立自發式應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)啟(qi)動(dong)機制(zhi)。注重統(tong)(tong)籌新建(jian)(jian)(jian)增量(liang)(liang)與盤(pan)活(huo)存(cun)量(liang)(liang)，積極盤(pan)活(huo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)低效和(he)閑(xian)置(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源，加(jia)快建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)集隔離、應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)醫療和(he)物資(zi)(zi)保(bao)障為一體的“平急(ji)兩用(yong)”公共基礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，提(ti)(ti)升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)保(bao)障能(neng)力(li)。完善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)避難場(chang)所(suo)規劃布(bu)(bu)局(ju)，健全(quan)避難場(chang)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)標準和(he)后評價機制(zhi)，嚴禁隨意變更應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)避難場(chang)所(suo)和(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)基礎(chu)(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)的使用(yong)性(xing)質(zhi)。
完善應急救援體系。應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)救援是(shi)維護城(cheng)市(shi)安(an)全(quan)運(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道防線(xian)。全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)進韌性安(an)全(quan)城(cheng)市(shi)建設(she)，必須建立權責清(qing)晰、反應(ying)(ying)(ying)靈敏(min)、上下(xia)貫通、左右聯動、運(yun)轉高(gao)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)市(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)救援體系，第一(yi)(yi)(yi)時間發(fa)現問題、分析問題、解決(jue)問題，最大限度(du)(du)維持城(cheng)市(shi)正常運(yun)行。完善(shan)跨部門、跨地區、跨行業綜合(he)會(hui)商(shang)研判(pan)機(ji)制(zhi)，充分發(fa)揮(hui)(hui)專業機(ji)構和(he)(he)專家的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，提高(gao)對城(cheng)市(shi)安(an)全(quan)突發(fa)情況(kuang)(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預見、預判(pan)、預斷能(neng)力(li)。健全(quan)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)指揮(hui)(hui)、各(ge)(ge)方(fang)協同的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)響應(ying)(ying)(ying)體系，發(fa)揮(hui)(hui)好各(ge)(ge)級各(ge)(ge)類應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)指揮(hui)(hui)機(ji)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)統籌(chou)協調和(he)(he)牽頭抓總作用(yong)，各(ge)(ge)成(cheng)員單位(wei)各(ge)(ge)司其職、各(ge)(ge)負(fu)其責，使點上管(guan)控和(he)(he)面(mian)上統籌(chou)有機(ji)結合(he)、前(qian)方(fang)處置和(he)(he)后(hou)方(fang)協調相互銜接，形成(cheng)有效(xiao)管(guan)控突發(fa)情況(kuang)(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體合(he)力(li)。健全(quan)突發(fa)事件新聞發(fa)布和(he)(he)輿(yu)論(lun)引導機(ji)制(zhi)，把握好“時度(du)(du)效(xiao)”，積(ji)極(ji)引導社會(hui)輿(yu)論(lun)和(he)(he)公眾情緒(xu)。按(an)照“寧可(ke)備(bei)而不用(yong)，不可(ke)用(yong)而無備(bei)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求，強化應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)力(li)量和(he)(he)資(zi)源“冗(rong)余度(du)(du)”，建立常備(bei)不懈的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)資(zi)、應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)設(she)施、應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)隊伍(wu)、應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)力(li)儲(chu)備(bei)機(ji)制(zhi)。
深化現代科技賦能。科技(ji)賦能(neng)極(ji)大提(ti)(ti)升了(le)城市治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)準性、時效性和規(gui)范(fan)性。全(quan)面推進(jin)(jin)韌(ren)(ren)性安(an)(an)全(quan)城市建設(she)，必須積極(ji)推廣物聯網、云計算、大數(shu)據(ju)、區(qu)塊鏈、人工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)、5G等現(xian)代信息技(ji)術在韌(ren)(ren)性安(an)(an)全(quan)城市建設(she)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)，探索(suo)“互聯網+城市安(an)(an)全(quan)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)”，堅持(chi)以信息化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推進(jin)(jin)城市安(an)(an)全(quan)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，提(ti)(ti)高城市安(an)(an)全(quan)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)科學化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、專(zhuan)業化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水平(ping)(ping)。堅持(chi)“部門(men)聯合(he)(he)(he)、事項整合(he)(he)(he)、數(shu)據(ju)耦合(he)(he)(he)、優準結合(he)(he)(he)”，持(chi)續深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)“一網統管(guan)”建設(she)，進(jin)(jin)一步把系統打(da)通、功(gong)能(neng)做全(quan)、能(neng)力建強，提(ti)(ti)升跨(kua)部門(men)、跨(kua)層級(ji)、跨(kua)區(qu)域(yu)、跨(kua)業務(wu)、跨(kua)系統的(de)(de)(de)服務(wu)管(guan)理(li)能(neng)力，打(da)造(zao)賦能(neng)韌(ren)(ren)性安(an)(an)全(quan)城市建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)強大利器。建立(li)集資源管(guan)理(li)、風險(xian)感(gan)知(zhi)、預警(jing)預測、監管(guan)執法、應(ying)急決策、指揮(hui)調(diao)度(du)、復盤總結于一體的(de)(de)(de)城市安(an)(an)全(quan)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)管(guan)理(li)平(ping)(ping)臺，打(da)造(zao)“一站式”全(quan)場(chang)景(jing)應(ying)用(yong)終端，實(shi)現(xian)常態化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)應(ying)用(yong)。推進(jin)(jin)數(shu)據(ju)融合(he)(he)(he)、多變(bian)量耦合(he)(he)(he)模型(xing)開發，根據(ju)韌(ren)(ren)性安(an)(an)全(quan)城市建設(she)實(shi)際需要(yao)拓(tuo)展更多應(ying)用(yong)場(chang)景(jing)、應(ying)用(yong)模塊，確保(bao)常用(yong)、管(guan)用(yong)、實(shi)用(yong)、好用(yong)。
強化多元協同共治。韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)是(shi)一(yi)個需要多(duo)方(fang)參(can)與(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜系統工(gong)程。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面推(tui)進(jin)韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，必須(xu)堅持(chi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)為人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)，構建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參(can)與(yu)(yu)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)奉(feng)獻、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)享的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)治理共(gong)同體(ti)(ti)，推(tui)動(dong)形(xing)成黨委(wei)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)、政(zheng)府負(fu)(fu)責(ze)、社會(hui)協同、公眾參(can)與(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)(hao)氛圍，提高各(ge)方(fang)參(can)與(yu)(yu)韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極性(xing)、主(zhu)動(dong)性(xing)和創(chuang)造性(xing)。強化責(ze)任落實，構建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)橫(heng)向到(dao)邊(bian)、縱向到(dao)底(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)責(ze)任體(ti)(ti)系，推(tui)動(dong)各(ge)級領(ling)導(dao)(dao)干部以“時時放心(xin)不下(xia)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)責(ze)任感，增強做好(hao)(hao)韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)自覺和行(xing)動(dong)自覺。推(tui)動(dong)韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)重心(xin)下(xia)移、力(li)量(liang)下(xia)傾、資源(yuan)下(xia)沉，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)基(ji)層(ceng)韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)網格，充(chong)分發揮基(ji)層(ceng)黨組織(zhi)戰斗堡壘作(zuo)用和廣大黨員先(xian)鋒模范(fan)作(zuo)用，發動(dong)基(ji)層(ceng)群(qun)眾共(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)共(gong)治共(gong)享。把公共(gong)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育納入國民(min)(min)教(jiao)育和精神文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)體(ti)(ti)系，推(tui)動(dong)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育進(jin)企業、進(jin)農村、進(jin)社區、進(jin)學校、進(jin)家庭，廣泛開展安全(quan)(quan)(quan)公益(yi)宣傳，筑牢韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)防線(xian)。更好(hao)(hao)地發揮社會(hui)力(li)量(liang)和市(shi)(shi)(shi)場機制(zhi)(zhi)在韌性(xing)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)極作(zuo)用，加強政(zheng)府與(yu)(yu)社會(hui)力(li)量(liang)、市(shi)(shi)(shi)場機制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)協同配合，形(xing)成工(gong)作(zuo)合力(li)。
《光明(ming)日報》（2023年12月18日 06版）
作者(zhe)：鐘開斌（中(zhong)央黨校〔國家(jia)行政學院(yuan)〕習(xi)近平新時(shi)代中(zhong)國特色社(she)會主義(yi)思(si)想研究(jiu)中(zhong)心研究(jiu)員、應急管(guan)理教研部副(fu)主任）
